This study was aimed at investigating the role of human resources in achieving competitive advantage at NBS Bank by focusing on the HR policies, strategies and practices as well as the barriers and challenges that they encounter. Guided by an interpretivism philosophy, the research employed purposive sampling and key informant interviews, with thematic analysis used for data interpretation. Findings revealed that NBS Bank employs targeted HR policies, such as training and development initiatives, talent acquisition and performance management, to enhance employee skills and adaptability, hire top talent and providing feedback thereby strengthening its market position. The bank uses strategies such as career growth, employee engagement and talent acquisition to target and retain top talent in the industry to meet current and future needs and enhancing job satisfaction and reducing turn over. Further the Bank has HR Practices such as frequently proving feedback, employee recognition and building a skilled and motivated workforce. The study also identified challenges such as legal and compliance issues, employee resistance to change and changes in economy, technology and labour laws. The Study recommendations include regular employee refresher programs, frequently engage regulatory bodies and provide adequate training and education on new technology and its benefits to eliminate employee resistance to change.